RESUMO
Neste trabalho estuda-se o modo como dados demográficos, características pessoais, relações com os pais e com o envolvimento escolar podem predizer o uso de substâncias ilícitas nos adolescentes. Foram usados dados da amostra Portuguesa do "Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children: a WHO Cross Cultural Study (HBSC)” (Currie, Hurrelmann, Settertobulte, Smith & Todd, 2000; Matos, Simões, Carvalhosa, Reis & Canha, 2000). O estudo baseia-se num questionário, preenchido pelos alunos nas escolas. O HBSC inclui uma amostra aleatória representativa de alunos do sexto, oitavo e décimo ano do ensino regular, com média de idade 14.1 anos (DP = 1.7). Os nossos resultados confirmam que as raparigas consomem menos; que o consumo de drogas também parece estar ligado com a falta de oportunidades. Algumas características pessoais aparecem associados ao uso de substâncias ilícitas e que o interesse e realização escolar têm um efeito protector no uso de substâncias ilícitas, bem como o envolvimento ou encorajamento dos pais (Kumpfer & Turner, 1991; Roche, 1999).
Palavras-chave: Adolescentes; Droga; Consumo ilícito; Escola; Família; Pares.
RÉSUMÉ
Cet article analyse le façon dont les données démographiques, traits personnels et relations avec les parents et le milieu scolaire peuvent prédire l'usage de substances illicites parmi les adolescents. On a fait l'utilisation des données de l'échantillon portugais de "Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children: a WHO Cross Cultural Study (HBSC)" (Currie, Hurrelmann, Settertobulte, Smith e Todd, 2000; Matos, Simões, Carvalhosa, Reis & Canha, 2000). L'étude a comme points d'appui un questionnaire, répondu par des élèves d'écoles d'enseignements. Le HBSC comprend un échantillon aléatoire représentatif des élèves de sixième, huitième et dixième années d'enseignement régulier, ayant comme âge moyen (14.1 ans) (DP=1.7). Nos résultats confirment que les filles consomment moins; que la consommation de drogues semble aussi avoir un lieu avec la manque d'opportunités. Un certain nombre de traites personnels se trouvent associés à l'usage de substances illicites et que l'engagement et la réussite scolaire jouent un rôle protecteur en ce qui concerne l'usage de substances illicites, aussi bien l'engagement et l'appui des parents (Kumpfer & Turner, 1991; Roche, 1999).
Mots-clé: Adolescents; Drogue;Consommation illicite; École; Famille; Paires.
ABSTRACT
Abstract: This paper examines the way in which variables related to demographic factors, personal characteristics, peer relationships, parent relationships, and school involvement can predict the use of drugs in adolescents. The study used data from the Portuguese sample of the “Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children: a WHO Cross Cultural Study (HBSC) (Currie, Hurrelmann, Settertobulte, Smith & Todd, 2000; Matos, Simões, Carvalhosa, Reis & Canha, 2000). This survey is based on a self- completed questionnaire that is administered in schools. The HBSC survey includes a ramdom national representative sample of pupils in the 6 th, 8 th and 10 th years of high school (age X = 14.1 years old, SD = 1.7). Our results confirm the fact that girls do not use illegal substance as often as boys. Drug use seems also related to lack of opportunites and perspectives in students' lives. Our results suggest that if students have a future expectancy like going to University, they are less likely to use drugs. Some personal characteristics were related to drug use in the last month. It is also clear from our results that school interest and school achievment have a protective effect on illicit drug use. The fact that parents involvement or at least parental occasional encouragement is relevant was also clear from our study, as expected (Kumpfer & Turner, 1991; Roche, 1999).
Keywords: Adolescents; Illicit drug use; School; Family; Peers.