Revista Toxicodependências

RESUMO
O consumo de álcool e a depressão foram investigados através das escalas AUDIT e BDI. Participaram no estudo 484 alunos do ensino secundário (n=283) e do ensino superior (n=199) de ambos os sexos (299 feminino, 185 masculino). A média de idade foi de 18.85 + 2.93, entre 15-30 anos. Os resultados do AUDIT (n=478) indicaram que 92% dos estudantes apresentaram abstinência/consumo normal e 8% um consumo de risco. Entre estes últimos, 82.5% situaram-se na zona de risco, 10% na zona prejudicial e 7.5% na zona de dependência.
O consumo de risco foi predominante nos rapazes (52%), universitários (61%) e na faixa etária dos 20-24 anos (59%). O consumo prejudicial prevaleceu nos rapazes (100%), universitários (100%) e jovens com idades entre os 20-24 anos (100%). A dependência foi expressiva entre rapazes (100%), alunos do secundário (67%) e jovens de 15-19 anos (67%). Encontrou-se uma correlação significativa entre consumo de álcool e as variáveis género (r = -.190, p < .01), faixa etária (r = .147, p < .01) e escolaridade (r = .186, p < .01). Os resultados do BDI (n=420) indicaram 9% de disforia ou depressão. Verificou-se uma correlação significativa entre os resultados do BDI com género (r = .149, p < .01) e consumo alcoólico (r = .118, p < .05). Discute-se a influência desta relação na adaptação social positiva e no desenvolvimento de estratégias para promover a saúde dos jovens.
Palavras-chave: Comportamento aditivo; Consumo de álcool; Depressão.

RÉSUMÉ
La consommation d’alcool et la dépression ont été étudiées par le biais des barèmes AUDIT et BDI. 484 élèves de  l’enseignement secondaire (n = 283) et supérieur (n = 199), et des deux genres (299 femmes, 185 hommes), ont participé à l’étude. La moyenne d’âge était de 18.85 +2.93, parmis ceux qui avaient entre 15 et 30 ans. Les résultats de l’AUDIT (n=478) ont indiqué que 92% des élèves présentaient abstinence/consommation normale et que 8% présentaient un usage à risque,
Parmis ceux 8%, 82,5% usage à risque, 10% 10% usage préjudiciable et 7,5% usage avec dépendance. La consommation de risque était prédominante chez les garçons (52%), les élèves de l’enseignement supérieur (61%) et parmi ceux qui avaient entre 20 à 24 ans (59%). La consommation préjudiciable a prédominé chez les garçons (100%), les élèves de l’enseignement supérieur (100%) et les jeunes de 20 à 24 ans (100%). La dépendance était expressive chez les garçons (100%), les élèves de l’enseignement secondaire (67%) et les jeunes de 15 à 19 ans (67%). On a trouvé une corrélation significative entre la consommation d’alcool et le sexe (r = -.190, p <.01), l’âge (r =.147, p <.01) et la scolarité (r =.186, p <. 01). Les résultats de BDI (n = 420) ont indiqué 9% de dysphorie ou de dépression. On a vérifié une corrélation significative entre les résultats de BDI avec le sexe (r =.149 ; p <.01) et la consommation d’alcool (r = 118, p <.05). On discute l’influence de cette relation dans l’adaptation sociale positive et les stratégies pour promouvoir la santé des jeunes.
Mots-clé: Comportement; Toxicomanie; Consommation d’alcool; Dépression.

ABSTRACT
Alcohol consumption and depression have been investigated through the AUDIT and BDI scales. 484 students have participated in this study; 283 attended secondary school and 199 were college students, of both genders (299 women, 185 men). Their average age was 18.85 + 2.93, between 15 and 30 years old. The results of the AUDIT (n=478) indicate that 92%, of these students show an abstinence/normal consumption pattern and that 8% have developed a high-risk consumption pattern. Among the latter, 82.5% were considered to have high-risk consumption patterns, 10% to have harmful consumption patterns and 7.5% to have alcohol dependence. The high-risk consumption was especially strong among boys (52%), university students (61%) and young people from 20 to 24 years (59%). The harmful consumption prevailed among boys (100%), university students (100%) and young people from 20 to 24 years old (100%). Dependence was significant among boys (100%), secondary school students (67%) and teenagers from 15 to 19 years (67%). A significant correlation was found between alcohol use, gender variables (r = -.190, p < .01), age (r = .147; p < .01) and schooling (r = .186, p <. 01). The results of BDI (n = 420) showed 9% of dysphoria or depression. There was a significant correlation between the results of BDI with gender (r = .149; p < .01) and alcohol use (r = .118; p < .05). We discuss the influence of this relationship in the positive social djustment and the strategies to promote health in young people.
Keywords: Addictive behaviour; Alcohol consumption; Depression.