Susana Cardoso, Celina Manita
RESUMO
O estudo apresentado, partindo do referencial do Construcionismo Social, tem como principal propósito compreender os significados dos consumos para a mulher e o modo como os constrangimentos de género se espelham nesses significados.
Nesse sentido realizámos entrevistas a mulheres toxicodependentes com vista a aceder às significações das suas trajectórias de consumo de heroína/cocaína, reflectindo o modo como a experiência de drogas se entrecruza com as diferentes áreas da vida. Desenvolvemos, então, um processo de análise de conteúdo, de acordo com os princípios da grounded theory, de dez “histórias de vida” de mulheres toxicodependentes em fase de “saída” das drogas.
Entre outras conclusões, ressaltamos, para além da grande influência dos homens na trajectória de consumos da mulher, a emergência de significações existenciais alternativas para a mulher a partir da experiência vivida no “mundo das drogas”.
O estudo permitiu-nos, ainda, equacionar algumas pistas para a intervenção com mulheres toxicodependentes.
Palavras-chave: Mulheres; Drogas; Estudo qualitativo; Histórias de vida; Trajectórias; Significações; Constrangimentos de género.
RÉSUMÉ
Cette étude, ayant comme référence le Constructivisme Social, a comme but principal comprendre les significations de l’abus pour la femme et la forme dont les contraintes du genre se réfléchissent dans ces significations.
Dans ce sens, ont a fait des entrevues aux femmes toxicomanes pour comprendre les significations de leur parcours de consommation d’héroïne/cocaïne, et que réfléchissent la façon comme l’expérience des drogues se croisent avec les différentes domaines de vie. On a développé un procès d’analyse du contenu, d’accord avec les principes de la grounded theory, de dix «histoires de vie» de femmes toxicomanes en phase de «sortie» des drogues.
Parmi d’autres conclusions, nous rehaussons, outre la grande influence des hommes dans le parcours de consommations de la femme, l’émergence de significations existentielles alternatives pour la femme à partir de l’expérience vécue dans le «monde des drogues».
L’étude nous a permis, encore, d’analyser quelques pistes pour intervenir auprès des femmes toxicomanes.
Mots-clé: Femmes; Drogues; Étude qualitative; Histoires de vie; Trajectories; Significations; Contrainte de genre.
ABSTRACT
This study adopts some of the perspectives offered by Social Constructivism in an effort to understand the meanings of drug abuse for women and the way gender constraints appear reflected on those same meanings.
Several female drug addicts were interviewed in order to identify the meanings of the trajectories of their use of heroin/cocaine, trying simultaneously to assess the way their experience with drugs affected the different domains of their lives. A process for content analysis was then developed, based on the principles of grounded theory, and it was used to study ten “life stories” of female drug addicts in the moment they were trying to quit the use of drugs.
Among other conclusions one comes out with a particular significance: besides the determining influence of men in the trajectories of drug abuse by those women, alternative existential meanings emerge out of the experience lived by women in the “world of drugs”.
This study also allows us to consider some possibilities for clinical intervention with female drug addicts.
Keywords: Women; Drugs; Qualitative study; Life stories; Trajectories; Meanings; Gender constraints.
2004_02_TXT2.pdf